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Visible Costs and Invisible Benefits : Military Procurement as Innovation Policy
This book examines the historic role of professional and demanding military customers in industrial development.Particular emphasis is paid to public procurement of military equipment as a catalyst for innovation; and the civilian commercialization of military technologies (from gunpowder and cannons to submarines, missiles and aircraft) is documented by many case illustrations that show how macro-level productivity advance has been generated.A complementary volume to Advancing Public Procurement as Industrial Policy (2010), which focused on the spillover effects of the Swedish combat aircraft, Gripen, in this book Gunnar Eliasson widens the perspective to cover product development across the Swedish defense industry, with an emphasis on regional economic development and macro-economics, inter alia through the involvement of Saab (aircraft) and Kockums (submarines) in partnership ventures in Australia, Norway and Brazil. The volume is organized into four parts. Part one examines the historical transformation of the Swedish economy over the past three centuries from agriculture and raw materials to an advanced industrial economy.Part two presents detailed case studies to illustrate the spillover effects of procurement projects and military-industrial partnerships.Part three explains the spillover phenomenon theoretically within a dynamic micro- to macro-economic perspective.Particular emphasis is placed on the empirical credibility of model-based economy-wide and dynamic cost-benefit calculations.The book concludes with a section on fostering industrial development through public procurement.The result is a book that will appeal to economists in the industrial economics and management fields; to technical, marketing and purchasing executives in business; and to policy makers in public procurement concerned with innovation and long-run industrial development.
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Green Building Costs : The Affordability of Sustainable Design
Sustainability has become a driver of innovation in the built environment, but the affordability of sustainable building remains a significant challenge.This book takes a critical view of the real cost of green building.It provides readers with a non-biased evaluation based on empirical construction cost data and sheds light on the affordability of sustainable buildings. Chapters are presented in three parts. The first part lays the foundation to demystify the perception of green buildings being expensive to construct by providing empirical evidence that green buildings, even net-zero buildings, are not necessarily more expensive to build than conventional buildings.The second part presents empirical evidence, common misperceptions of a higher green building construction cost are debunked.The author offers a new framework to explain the construction cost drivers and differences of sustainable buildings: the project characteristics and project team characteristics (human factors).The third part directs the readers’ attention to the important role that human factors play in controlling and reducing construction costs, with a focus on the project design team.A lack of skills, expertise, and experience during the design phase is likely to be the biggest contributor to higher construction costs.Empirical analysis, case studies on LEED-certified buildings, and interviews with project teams are used to present a pathway to more affordable green building at the end. This will be a crucial resource for students and professionals in architecture, engineering, construction management, and planning and energy policy.
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Kindness Costs Nothing mug.
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Evanston Salt Costs Climbing
Winters keep getting worse in Evanston IL where salt truck drivers Peter and Basil battle the ice and snow and pass the time with jokes and stories.But what's with this creeping sense of dread? Is it because their boss Maiworm has noble visions of new green technology that would make their jobs obsolete? Or is there a more terrifying warning calling out from under these roads?At least they have each other right?Pulitzer Prize finalist Will Arbery confronts humanity's darkest fears with humor warmth and the fortitude of municipal public servants in this play about climate and change. "Arbery is one of the theater's greatest listeners able to hear and reproduce the subtle and deeply specific ways individuals reveal themselves and their relationships to others with language." - The New York Times Magazine"In a great piece of art you'll have one moment where the truth will punch through.But in a profoundly generous piece of art like Evanston - a play that is theoretical painful deep and hysterically funny - those moments of truth keep punching through and through and through." - BOMB Magazine"A pitch-dark comedy...Arbery is the playwright of the moment... writing about issues that tend to lead to indulgent hopelessness. ...But what if looking right into the heart of catastrophe could actually get us to act?" - The New Yorker
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Is a fashion design degree worthwhile and what are the costs associated with it?
A fashion design degree can be worthwhile for individuals who are passionate about pursuing a career in the fashion industry. It provides students with the necessary skills, knowledge, and networking opportunities to succeed in the field. However, the costs associated with obtaining a fashion design degree can vary depending on the institution and location. Tuition fees, materials, and living expenses can add up, so it's important for individuals to carefully consider their financial situation before committing to a fashion design program.
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What are the production costs of luxury brands?
The production costs of luxury brands are typically higher than those of non-luxury brands due to the use of high-quality materials, skilled craftsmanship, and attention to detail. Luxury brands often invest in superior materials such as fine leather, silk, and precious metals, which come at a premium price. Additionally, luxury brands may have smaller production runs, leading to higher costs per unit. The cost of marketing, branding, and maintaining exclusivity also contribute to the overall production costs of luxury brands.
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What are the costs for this tattoo design?
The costs for this tattoo design will vary depending on the size, complexity, and location on the body where you want it. On average, a small to medium-sized tattoo design like this could range from $50 to $200. However, for a larger or more intricate design, the cost could be higher, potentially reaching several hundred dollars. It's best to consult with a tattoo artist for an accurate quote based on your specific preferences.
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How do you calculate the investment costs for technology?
To calculate the investment costs for technology, you need to consider the initial purchase price of the technology, any installation or setup costs, ongoing maintenance and support fees, and any potential training costs for employees. Additionally, you should factor in the potential return on investment (ROI) of the technology, including any cost savings or revenue generation it may enable. It's important to thoroughly research and analyze all potential costs and benefits before making a technology investment decision.
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Spon's Estimating Costs Guide to Electrical Works : Unit Rates and Project Costs
All the cost data you need to keep your estimating accurate, competitive and profitable. Do you work on jobs between £50 and £50,000? Then this book is for you. Specially written for contractors and small businesses carrying out small works, Spon's Estimating Cost Guide to Electrical Works provides accurate information on thousands of rates, each broken down to labour, material overheads and profit for residential, retail and light industrial premises.It is the first book to include typical project costs for new installations, stripping out, rewiring and upgrading for flats and houses. In addition, vital information and advice is given on setting up and running a business, employing staff, tax, VAT and CIS4s. For the cost of approximately two hours of your charge-out rate (or less), this book will help you to:produce estimates fasterkeep your estimates accurate and competitiverun your business more effectivelysave time.
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Digital Management of Construction Costs
Today, software applications make cost estimation and management easier than ever before, but the role played by a construction professional who undertakes financial control and performance of a project remains as crucial as ever.Digital Management of Construction Costs provides readers with a route to understand how technology is dynamically transforming the construction sector and informs them of digital-first practices that can lead to more accurate forecasting and budgeting during the planning process, benchmarking, and monitoring throughout the expected delivery timeline.Theoretical principles and methodological techniques are accompanied by applied investigations of cases where improved efficiencies brought about by the uptake of novel solutions have led to successful bids or project completion.Added value is also provided by findings of the literature review, a framework conceptualized within the context of digitalization, and a discussion on future directions and implications. Written by experts in academia who aim to foster further subject matter research by compiling a useful reference resource, this book proves to be beneficial to both early-career practitioners and professionals in a more advanced stage of their career who wish to keep abreast of the most recent developments in their field.
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Pay money to the seller, shipping costs to pay, Express shipping costs to pay
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Security for Costs in International Arbitration
This is the first and leading comprehensive guide to security for costs in international arbitration, including commercial and investment arbitration, providing a text which will be the key resource for those considering, making and ruling on applications for security for costs.It is the first and only work to consider the 40+ factors informing the discretion to award security for costs. The author begins with an introduction and description of the security of costs controversy in international arbitration, and then explains the developing approach of arbitral tribunals to applications for security for costs, with reference to decisions published by ICC and ASA, and statistics of LCIA and decisions of the UK courts when they had the power to grant security for costs in international arbitration.The book features an analysis of the reasons given for restricting security for costs in international commercial arbitration to ‘exceptional circumstances’ or similar.The author conveys discretionary factors taken into account by the courts and arbitral tribunals in considering applications for security for costs, special considerations for investor-state arbitrations, the correct approach to the exercise of the discretion, the manner of making and resisting applications, appropriate orders to be made on applications, and consequences of orders. This book is written for all arbitration practitioners around the world, including arbitrators ruling on applications.The work would be incidentally useful to litigation practitioners as it necessarily considers applications for security for costs in litigation.
Price: 210.00 £ | Shipping*: 0.00 £
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What costs can I expect for the flyer design?
The cost for flyer design can vary depending on the complexity of the design, the experience of the designer, and the number of revisions required. Generally, you can expect to pay anywhere from $50 to $500 for a professional flyer design. Factors such as the size of the flyer, the use of custom graphics or illustrations, and the inclusion of printing services can also impact the overall cost. It's important to discuss your budget and requirements with the designer to get an accurate quote for the project.
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What are the costs of creating your own fashion brands?
The costs of creating your own fashion brand can vary widely depending on factors such as the scale of the operation, the quality of materials and production, and the marketing and distribution strategy. Some of the major costs involved in creating a fashion brand include designing and producing the clothing, sourcing materials, manufacturing, marketing and advertising, hiring staff, and establishing a distribution network. Additionally, there are costs associated with legal and administrative tasks such as trademarking the brand name and securing necessary permits and licenses. Overall, creating a fashion brand can be a significant financial investment, but with careful planning and strategic decision-making, it can also be a rewarding and profitable endeavor.
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How can one sell luxury fashion?
One can sell luxury fashion by creating a strong brand image and identity that conveys exclusivity and quality. This can be achieved through high-quality materials, craftsmanship, and unique designs. Utilizing effective marketing strategies, such as influencer partnerships, exclusive events, and limited edition releases, can also help create a sense of exclusivity and desirability for the luxury fashion products. Additionally, providing exceptional customer service and personalized shopping experiences can further enhance the perceived value of the luxury fashion items.
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What are the costs for the design at FH Bielefeld?
The costs for the design at FH Bielefeld can vary depending on the specific program or course of study. Generally, students can expect to pay for materials and supplies needed for their design projects, as well as any specialized software or equipment required for their field of study. Additionally, there may be fees associated with specific design courses or workshops. It's important for students to budget for these costs in addition to their tuition and other expenses.
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